Semaglutide

Also known as Wegovy · Ozempic · Rybelsus · sema

GLP-1 receptor agonistEvidence tier A

Semaglutide is a GLP-1 receptor agonist — a lab-made copy of a gut hormone that slows stomach emptying and reduces appetite. It is sold as Wegovy (weight management), Ozempic (type 2 diabetes) and Rybelsus (an oral tablet). It is FDA-approved, which puts it at Tier A — the strongest evidence on this site.

What the studies found. In the STEP-1 trial, 1,961 adults took weekly semaglutide 2.4 mg for 68 weeks and lost about 14.9% of body weight, against 2.4% on placebo.[1] That is a completed human trial with a real comparison group — the standard almost no recovery peptide meets.

What’s reported as a downside. A 2024 FAERS analysis found semaglutide carried the strongest signal in its class for metabolic and nutritional adverse events, such as nausea and vomiting.[2] A 2024 study in JAMA Ophthalmology found a higher rate of a rare eye condition (NAION) among people prescribed semaglutide, though later reviews called the link unconfirmed.[3]

Price is where the real decision sits — the same drug ranges widely by route. See the cost calculator.

References

  1. Wilding JPH, Batterham RL, Calanna S, et al. Once-Weekly Semaglutide in Adults with Overweight or Obesity (STEP 1). N Engl J Med. 2021. DOI: 10.1056/NEJMoa2032183.
  2. (FAERS disproportionality analysis) Metabolic and nutritional adverse events of GLP-1 receptor agonists: a FAERS pharmacovigilance study (semaglutide reporting odds ratio 3.34) Front Pharmacol. 2024. Source.
  3. Hathaway JT, et al. Risk of nonarteritic anterior ischemic optic neuropathy (NAION) in patients prescribed semaglutide JAMA Ophthalmol. 2024. Source.